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What permit follows what, and how long after

A building permit is a dated announcement that money is about to be spent on a specific address. What is less obvious is that it often announces a SECOND permit, weeks later, from a different trade. Across 6,666 Massachusetts addresses that filed more than one trade, 10 pairs run reliably in one direction - and the gaps are long enough to be useful: Kitchen/Bath is followed by electrical 80% of the time, a median 20 days later.

Two things had to be ruled out before any of this could be published. Co-occurrence is not sequence, so a pair appears here only if it runs one way at least 65% of the time across at least 40 addresses. And a same-day pair is not a sequence at all - it is one job filed as two permits on one morning. 2 pairs were excluded on exactly that basis, and they are listed further down rather than quietly dropped.

10
trade pairs that run one way
6,666
multi-trade addresses
20d
median gap after kitchen/bath
62d
longest reliable gap

What follows what

Read a row as: when the first trade files at an address, the second follows this often, this many days later. The middle-half column is the interquartile range, so it is the window worth watching rather than a single number.

FirstThenRuns this wayMedian gapMiddle halfAddresses
Kitchen/BathElectrical80.3%20 days10-34 days167
Renovation/RemodelBuilding76.7%62 days28-96 days56
RoofingBuilding76.5%27 days13-60 days39
Kitchen/BathPlumbing71.5%18 days7-28 days181
AdditionPlumbing71.4%21 days8-40 days40
Kitchen/BathGas71.4%25 days13-49 days30
Renovation/RemodelGas70.2%33 days14-63 days174
AdditionElectrical69.4%24 days10-40 days75
Renovation/RemodelPlumbing67.3%22 days11-43 days479
Renovation/RemodelHVAC66.4%46 days19-77 days91

Why this is worth knowing

The longest reliable gap here is renovation/remodel to building, at a median 62 days. That is not a statistical curiosity - it is about 8 weeks of notice. A permit filed today at an address is, more often than not, a job for a different trade at that same address next month. The permit record is the only place that shows up before the work does.

The pairs we would not publish as sequences

These run one way just as strongly, and they are still not sequences. A median gap of a day or two means both permits were filed for one job - the trades did not follow each other to site, a clerk entered two rows. They are here because leaving them out silently would make the table above look cleaner than the data is.

FirstThenRuns this wayMedian gapAddresses
ElectricalSolar86.7%3 days91
GasPlumbing85.2%0 days1,167

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How this was measured

Question

At an address that files permits from more than one trade, does one trade reliably come first, and how long is the gap?

Rows used

Permits grouped by source and normalised street address. An address carrying more than 12 permits is dropped as a commercial site or subdivision rather than a house having work done. For each pair of trades at an address only the FIRST appearance of each trade is used. A pair is reported only if it appears at 40 or more addresses and runs one way at least 65% of the time. 6,666 of 23,910 addresses carry more than one trade.

Sources included

Every source that publishes a street address.

Sources excluded, and why

Addresses are matched within a single source only, never across towns, so a common street name cannot merge two properties. No pair had to be dropped for disagreeing across source groups.

Known limitation

Two limits, both real. The dataset spans about six months, so a gap longer than that is invisible and every median here is biased short. And 14 sources are truncated to their newest 900 records, where the EARLIER permit at an address is the one most likely to be missing - which could manufacture false orderings. Every pair was therefore computed separately on capped and uncapped sources; both figures are in the evidence file, and any pair the two groups disagreed about was dropped.

Evidence

Computed 2026-08-20 from a dataset fetched 2026-08-20. Download the figures behind this page (JSON).

Questions

Which Massachusetts permit most reliably predicts another?

Kitchen/Bath followed by electrical: at addresses that file both, it runs in that order 80% of the time, a median 20 days apart.

How far ahead does a permit predict the next trade?

Between 18 and 62 days depending on the pair. The longest reliable gap is renovation/remodel to building.

Does this mean the same contractor does both jobs?

This says nothing about who does the work. Contractor names are never used in any analysis on this site. It is a statement about permits at an address.

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